Nivalin (galanthamine hydrobromide), an additional decurarizing agent. Some introductory observations.

Polymorphic Study of (-)-galanthamine Hydrobromide

Alkaloids from Hippeastrum papilio.

Galanthamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor marketed as a hydrobromide salt (Razadyne®, Reminyl®) for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is obtained from Amaryllidaceae plants, especially those belonging to the genera Leucojum, Narcissus, Lycoris and Ungernia. The growing demand for galanthamine has prompted searches for new sources of this compound, as well as other bioactive alkal...

Cloning and Characterization of a Norbelladine 4′-O-Methyltransferase Involved in the Biosynthesis of the Alzheimer’s Drug Galanthamine in Narcissus sp. aff. pseudonarcissus

Galanthamine is an Amaryllidaceae alkaloid used to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. This compound is primarily isolated from daffodil (Narcissus spp.), snowdrop (Galanthus spp.), and summer snowflake (Leucojum aestivum). Despite its importance as a medicine, no genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of galanthamine have been identified. This absence of genetic information on biosy...

Development of a Pilot Scale Process for the Anti-Alzheimer Drug (-)-Galanthamine Using Large-Scale Phenolic Oxidative Coupling and Crystallisation-Induced Chiral Conversion

(-)-Galanthamine has been synthesised using an efficient ninestep procedure, which in large scale affords 12.4 (6.7-19.1)% overall yield. The process improvements and optimization of each step are described. Notable steps include (i) an oxidative phenol coupling and (ii) crystallisation-induced chiral conversion of (()-narwedine to (-)-narwedine. This is a practical and cost-effective synthesis...

Analysis of selected Crinum species for galanthamine alkaloid: an anti-Alzheimer drug

Galanthamine, an isoquinoline alkaloid and the current drug of choice for treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease, is mainly obtained from Amaryllidaceae members. At present, the production of galanthamine from available natural plant sources is not sufficient to meet the demands of pharmaceutical industry. Additionally, overexploitation of the plant material leads to the depletion of a...